Physiotherapist Harpreet Kaur provides a useful summary of physical therapy interventions for hemiplegia.
Hemiplegia is a condition that involves paralysis or weakness of one side of the body due to damage to the brain or spinal cord.
Rehabilitation is an integral part of treatment for hemiplegia. The focus is to help the affected individual regain as much movement and independence as possible through various therapeutic interventions.
Rehabilitation for hemiplegia is typically tailored to the individual’s specific needs and goals. It may involve a combination of different therapies to achieve the best possible outcome.
The following are the common approaches used in hemiplegia rehabilitation-
1. Physical therapy
2. Occupational therapy
3. Speech therapy
4. Cognitive therapy
5. Electrical stimulation
Rehabilitation with physiotherapy
The Physical therapy plays a crucial role in the initial stages of hemiplegia by helping individuals regain their strength, flexibility, and range of motion in the affected limbs.
Harpreet Kaur, physiotherapist, sports exercise specialist, corrective exercise specialist & REPS certified fitness coach.
The goal is to regain motor functions, prevent complications such as muscle contractures, joint stiffness, and pressure sores, which can occur due to immobility.
The Physical therapy treatment plan includes assessment, manipulation, mobilisation, positioning, strengthening, balance training, gait analysis, PNF patterns, pain management & many more that can be helpful in the initial stages of hemiplegia.
Here is my selection of seven categories of physiotherapy exercises that can be beneficial for individuals in the initial phase of hemiplegia:
1. Passive range of motion exercises: These exercises involve gently moving the affected limb through its full range of motion to reduce muscle stiffness & prevent contractures. It also helps increase muscle flexibility.
2. Active-assistive range of motion exercises: These exercises involves the patient actively moving the affected limb with the assistance of the therapist. These exercises help strengthen the communication between the brain and body for increased movement.
3. Weight -bearing exercises: This involves placing weight on the affected limb to help improve strength and stability. This may include standing exercises, such as standing on
one foot or using a balance board.
4. Strengthening exercises: They are designed to improve muscle strength in the affected limb. This may include exercises such as wall push-ups or using resistance bands.
5. Coordination/ Balancing exercises: Coordination exercises help to improve coordination and control of movements. This may include activities such as catching and throwing a ball
or using a pegboard.
6. Gait training: Gait training involves practicing walking with the assistance of a therapist or walker. This can help to improve balance and coordination.
7. Functional training: This involves practicing activities of daily living, such as dressing or cooking, with the assistance of a therapist. This can help to improve overall functioning and independence.
As mentioned, these are the basic exercises to start with. However, there are various other exercises that can be included in the treatment plan.
Overall, physical therapy is an essential component of the initial treatment for hemiplegia, as it can help to prevent further complications and promote recovery.
A comprehensive physical therapy program can also help to improve the patient’s quality of life by increasing their mobility, independence, and overall functioning.
Harpreet Kaur is a physiotherapist, sports exercise specialist, corrective exercise specialist & REPS certified fitness coach. With 15 years of experience in the health industry, she recently started as an entrepreneur, with a goal to educate the community about exercise connection with human body. See more at https://fitwithpreet.com
