A protein that helps organise brain cell connections has been identified by researchers, offering potential new ways to treat brain injuries and neurodegenerative diseases.
Researchers from Michigan State University and Rutgers University–New Brunswick have found that a protein called cypin acts as a “librarian” in the brain.
It tags and arranges other proteins in the gaps between neurons, known as synapses, to keep brain function working properly.
The findings could support new therapies for conditions affecting millions of people, including Alzheimer’s disease and long-term traumatic brain injury.
Cypin was found to play an unexpected role in managing proteins at synapses – the junctions where brain cells communicate.
Like a library system that ensures books are in place, cypin positions proteins so they can support learning and memory.
Irving E. Vega is associate professor in the MSU College of Human Medicine department of translational neuroscience.
Vega said: “Our most recent findings show that cypin tags proteins in the synapses between neurons to ensure they’re positioned correctly.
“This tagging function is essential for our brains to function correctly.
“Further understanding of cypin’s dynamic role in neuronal function could help identify new ways to enhance communication between neurons, particularly in patients who have Alzheimer’s disease.
“Each discovery leads to new testable hypotheses, bringing us closer to better understand how the brain manages complex tasks such as learning and memory.”
Cypin was also found to have a third function: it increases the activity of another protein called UBE4A, which contributes to healthy synaptic function.
Jared Lamp, fellow researcher at the MSU College of Human Medicine, said: “Understanding this relationship could help us find a way to counteract the dysfunction found in patients who have neurodegenerative diseases and brain injuries.”
